Electrodes with higher sheet resistances and electrodes subject t

Electrodes with higher sheet resistances and electrodes subject to higher current densities fail more quickly. The reason for electrode failure is attributed to the instability of silver nanowires

at elevated temperatures caused by Joule heating. Design factors such as passivation, electrode sheet resistance, and nanowire diameter need to be considered before silver nanowire electrodes will be useful as an ITO replacement in organic solar cells. LY411575 mouse Endnotes aThe current density in the nanowires was estimated by dividing the total current flowing across the electrode by the total cross-sectional area of all nanowires contacting the copper strip at one end of the sample JIB04 price and multiplying by two since we assumed only half of the nanowires were involved in conduction. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada. References 1. Hecht DS, Hu L, Irvin G: Emerging transparent electrodes based on thin films of carbon nanotubes, graphene, and metallic nanostructures. Adv Mater 2011, 23:1482–1513.CrossRef https://www.selleckchem.com/products/epz-6438.html 2. Kumar A, Zhou C: The race to replace tin-doped indium oxide:

which material will win? ACS Nano 2010, 4:11–14.CrossRef 3. Hu L, Kim HS, Lee JY, Peumans P, Cui Y: Scalable coating and properties of transparent, flexible, silver nanowire electrodes. ACS Nano 2010, 4:2955–2963.CrossRef 4. Hardin BE, Gaynor W, Ding I, Rim SB, Peumans P, McGehee MD: Laminating solution-processed silver nanowire mesh electrodes onto solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells. Org Electron 2011, 12:875–879.CrossRef 5. Yu Z, Li L, Zhang Q, Hu W, Pei Q: Silver nanowire-polymer composite many electrodes for efficient polymer solar cells. Adv Mater 2011, 23:4453–4457.CrossRef 6. Elechiguerra JL, Larios-Lopez L, Liu C, Garcia-Gutierrez D, Camacho-Bragado A, Yacaman

MJ: Corrosion at the nanoscale: the case of silver nanowires and nanoparticles. Chem Mater 2005, 17:6042–6052.CrossRef 7. Green MA, Emery K, Hishikawa Y, Warta W, Dunlop ED: Solar cell efficiency tables (version 39). Prog Photovolt Res Appl 2012, 20:12–20.CrossRef 8. Dan B, Irvin GC, Pasquali M: Continuous and scalable fabrication of transparent conducting carbon nanotube films. ACS Nano 2009, 3:835–843.CrossRef 9. Liu CH, Yu X: Silver nanowire-based transparent, flexible, and conductive thin film. Nanoscale Res Lett 2011, 6:1–8. 10. Zeng XY, Zhang QK, Yu RM, Lu CZ: A new transparent conductor: silver nanowire film buried at the surface of a transparent polymer. Adv Mater 2010, 22:4484–4488.CrossRef 11. Krantz J, Richter M, Spallek S, Spiecker E, Brabec CJ: Solution-processed metallic nanowire electrodes as indium tin oxide replacement for thin-film solar cells. Adv Funct Mater 2011, 21:4784–4787.CrossRef 12. Patil HR, Huntington HB: Electromigration and associated void formation in silver. J Phys Chem Solids 1970, 31:463–474.

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