We conducted a randomized, controlled trial at 24 hospitals in Japan to compare D2 lymphadenectomy alone
with D2 lymphadenectomy plus PAND in patients undergoing gastrectomy for curable gastric cancer.
Methods: Between July 1995 and April 2001, 523 patients with curable stage T2b, T3, or T4 gastric cancer were randomly assigned during surgery to D2 lymphadenectomy alone (263 patients) or to D2 lymphadenectomy plus PAND (260 patients). We did not permit any adjuvant therapy before the recurrence of cancer. The primary end point was overall survival.
Results: The rates of surgery-related complications among patients assigned to D2 lymphadenectomy alone and those assigned to D2 lymphadenectomy plus PAND were 20.9% and 28.1%, respectively (P=0.07). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the frequencies of anastomotic leakage, pancreatic fistula, abdominal abscess, pneumonia, or death from PD0325901 in vitro any cause within 30 days after surgery (the rate of death was 0.8% in each group). The median operation time was 63 minutes longer and the median blood loss was 230 ml greater in the group assigned to D2 lymphadenectomy plus PAND. The 5-year overall survival rate was 69.2% for the group assigned to D2 lymphadenectomy alone
and 70.3% for the group assigned to D2 lymphadenectomy plus PAND; the hazard ratio for death was 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77 to 1.37; P=0.85). There were no significant differences in recurrence-free survival between the two groups; the hazard ratio for recurrence find more was 1.08 (95% CI, 0.83 to 1.42; P=0.56).
Conclusions: As compared with D2 lymphadenectomy alone, treatment with D2 lymphadenectomy plus PAND does not improve the survival
rate in curable gastric cancer. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00149279.).”
“Objectives. The present study of a representative sample Of Older ado Its quantified everyday physical activity (EPA) by having participants wear actigraphs. Our objectives were to examine whether poor health may partly explain why older adults become less physically active with advancing age and whether gender might moderate the Sclareol extent to which health status predicts EPA.
Methods. We performed multiple regression analyses on a sample of older, community-dwelling adults (aged 80-98 years, N = 198; women = 63.1%).
Results. The results imply that age-related declines in EPA may be partially accounted for by health (in men) and 1)), living arrangements (in women).
Discussion. We consider reasons why poorer health might erode EPA for men (but not women) and why living alone might erode EPA for women (but not men).”
“Background: Women make up more than 50% of adults living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in sub-Saharan Africa. Thus, female-initiated HIV prevention methods are urgently needed.