65 and 25.52, respectively. The present results are useful for understanding features of local spread and prioritizing farms for control measures. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights SRT1720 research buy reserved.”
“Isolated female epispadias without exstrophy is an extremely rare syndrome. The symptoms of female epispadias are primary

urinary incontinence and abnormal anatomical features. A 12-year-old girl presented with primary urinary incontinence. On physical examination, bifid clitoris and labia minora were seen. The vagina and hymen were normal. Voiding cystourethrogram showed no reflux. With the diagnosis of isolated female epispadias, one-stage reconstruction of the urethra, bladder neck and labia minora and clitoris was performed.”
“Segmental mediolytic arteriopathy (STMA) is an extremely rare condition buy AC220 of uncertain etiology causing degeneration of arterial media, intramural dissection or the rupture of aneurysms. It is recognized as a rare cause of fatal intra-abdominal bleeding. We report the first case of recurrent intra-abdominal bleeding secondary to SMA in a lung transplant patient, with a further complication of lymphoproliferative disease in the transplanted lung. We discuss the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, imaging characteristics and the complexities of management in this case. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009;28:977-80. Copyright

(C) 2009 by the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation.”
“The aim of this study was to evaluate the specificity of the most widely used tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic tests, single intradermal tuberculin (SIT) and single comparative intradermal tuberculin (SCIT) tests and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) assay in 937 animals from eight TB-free caprine flocks under different epidemiological situations. Maximum specificity was found using

SCIT test (99.4-100% depending on the interpretation criteria) while SIT test and IFN-gamma high throughput screening compounds assay showed a slightly lower overall specificity (97.6-99.2% and 96.4-98.4% respectively). Specificity of the SIT test in a Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infected flock was significantly (P < 0.05) lower if a severe interpretation criterion was applied. Similarly, specificity values of SIT test and particularly IFN-gamma assay in a paratuberculosis (PTB)-vaccinated flock were lower than those observed in non-vaccinated flocks. Higher proportion of false positive reactors to TB tests (SIT and IFN-gamma assay) were observed among animals positive in the PTB-ELISA in PTB vaccinated flock. These results demonstrate that TB diagnostic tests show an adequate specificity when performed in goats from TB-free flocks in most situations. However, certain factors such as C. pseudotuberculosis infection and paratuberculosis vaccination can have a negative impact in the most sensitive tests. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.