ANCOVA in the 78 patients with complete NE data, using NE as a dependent variable, PSDEP (n = 9) versus non-PSDEP (n = 69) and tricyclic treatment as fixed factors, and smoking habit as covariate showed that PSDEP was positively related to NE (F = 4.207, p = 0.044), while smoking habit was negatively related (F = 8.203, p = 0.005) and tricyclic treatment was positively related (F = 5.682, p = 0.020). Addition of the three dimensions of psychopathology, Emotional Dysregulation, Retardation Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical and Anxiety, to the ANCOVA model resulted in a weak increase in the strength of the dependence of NE on PSDEP (F = 4.429, p = 0.039), while the strength

of the relation with tricyclic treatment increased (F = 7.799, p = 0.007) and that of the relation with smoking habit decreased (F = 6.417, p = 0.014). Cyclopamine molecular weight compared with the results of the analysis of the previous subsection in the absence Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical of PSDEP Emotional Dysregulation was now negatively related to NE (F = 5.270, p = 0.025), while Retardation and Anxiety were still positively related (F = 5.623, p = 0.020; F = 5.378, p = 0.023 respectively). If the interaction

between PSDEP and Emotional Dysregulation was added to the ANCOVA model there was no evidence of a deviant relation between Emotional Dysregulation and plasma NE in PSDEP (F = 0.057, p = 0.955). Accounting Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical for the high intensity of depression inherent to PSDEP will therefore have resulted in the detection of a general negative relation between Emotional Dysregulation and NE. If the subcategory method was used to analyse for additional psychopathology instead of the multidimensional Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical method, then the addition of the HAR subcategory to the ANCOVA model with

smoking habit and tricyclic treatment as covariates resulted in a somewhat lower significance of the relation between NE and PSDEP (F = 4.018, p = 0.049), despite HAR in this Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical analysis not being related to plasma NE (F = 0.001, p = 0.978). The use of the melancholic subcategory in the ANCOVA model instead of the HAR subcategory resulted in a loss of significance of the relation between NE and PSDEP (F = 2.928, p = 0.091) and a nonsignificant positive ADAMTS5 relation with the melancholic subcategory (F= 1.742, p = 0.191). This suggests that the relation between PSDEP and NE may be specific for patients with PSDEP and melancholia. This was supported by a similar ANCOVA using the subcategories of patients with melancholic PSDEP (n = 7) and all other patients (n = 71) as fixed factor (F = 5.294, p = 0.024). The addition of the three global dimensions of psychopathology as covariates to the ANCOVA model resulted in further strengthening of the relation between this subcategory and plasma NE concentration (F = 5.975, p = 0.017). In conclusion, the concentration of plasma NE appeared to be increased in PSDEP compared with non-PSDEP.