While GABAergic and glycinergic endings are maturing and growing in number and size, their neurotransmitter content also appears to be developmentally
regulated. Quantitative ultrastructural immunocytochemistry with colloidal gold suggests that GABA and glycine accumulation in synaptic endings follows a staggered pattern, with labeling stabilizing at adult levels by postnatal day 21. This may account for adjustments in synaptic efficacy and strength. (c) 2008 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objective: The number of octogenarians undergoing emergency surgery is increasing and may negate the impact of the beneficial advances. The aim of this study was to review octogenarians Selleckchem VX-809 with type A acute aortic dissection and assess the prognosis.
Methods: Fifty-eight patients with acute aortic dissection, whose average age was 83.2 years, were divided into 2 groups: Group I comprised 30 patients who underwent emergency surgery, and group II comprised 28 patients Selleck S63845 who were treated conservatively. We compared the 2 groups in terms of mortality and morbidity.
Results: In group I, postoperative hospital mortality was 13.3% (4 patients). In group II, 17 patients (60.7%) died in the hospital. In group I, although emergency aortic replacement
was successfully completed, 5 patients became bedridden after surgery and 2 patients died of pneumonia or stroke in the early stages of institutional care. Thirteen patients in group I died of malignancies, abdominal aortic rupture, traffic accident, heart failure, or late-stage senility in later phase. There was no difference in actuarial survivals at 5 years, which were 48.5%
in group I and 35.4% in group II.
Conclusion: Emergency surgery for octogenarians with acute aortic dissection showed acceptable mortality. However, families had to take responsibility for patients who experienced unconsciousness, find more had dementia, or became bedridden. It is important to have consensus between the family and surgeons about emergency surgical treatment for octogenarians.”
“Loss of temporal processing is characteristic of age-related loss of speech understanding observed in the elderly. Inhibitory glycinergic circuits provide input onto dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) projection neurons which likely serve to modulate excitatory responses to time-varying complex acoustic signals. The present study sought to test the hypothesis that age-related loss of inhibition would compromise the ability of output neurons to encode sinusoidally amplitude modulated (SAM) tones. Extracellular recordings were obtained from young and aged FBN rat DCN putative fusiform cells. Stimuli were SAM tones at three modulation depths (100, 50, and 20%) at 30 dB hearing level with the carrier frequency set to the unit’s characteristic frequency. Discharge rate and synchrony were calculated to describe SAM responses.