“
“Red upconversion luminescence (UCL) is observed using an 800 nm femtosecond laser to irradiate a Eu3+-doped LiNbO3 single crystal. Power-dependent and polarization-dependent experiments demonstrate that the red UCL originates from

Eu3+ two-photon simultaneous absorption rather than second harmonic generation of nonlinear optical crystal followed by reabsorption of Eu3+. Two different kinds of Eu3+-centers, high throughput screening compounds called Eu3+-pairs, are revealed via emission spectra. Besides using femtosecond laser excitation to simulate diode laser excitation with broad line, the efficient two-photon simultaneous absorption can populate more Eu3+ to upper levels, these are beneficial to the study of cross relaxation with submicrosecond resolution between Eu3+-pairs occurred in practical application. Transient UCL spectra and decay curves suggest that the luminescent state D-5(0) is fed by way of both multiphonon relaxation through state D-5(1) and cross relaxation of D-5(2)+ F-7(0)-> D-5(0)+ F-7(5). (c) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3480818]“
“Introduction:There is a paucity of data investigating the relationship between histopathological variables of

oncologic importance and prostate volume, and we aimed to investigate this. Patients and Methods: 2,207 consecutive patients who underwent robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy were studied. Preoperative demographic and both pre- and postoperative Epoxomicin histopathological parameters were compared among

the small (< 40 cm(3)), intermediate Nutlin-3 order (40-70 cm(3)), and large (> 70 cm(3)) prostate groups. Results: Patients with smaller prostates were younger, had slightly lower BMIs, and lower prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels than those with larger prostates (p < 0.001). They also had worse histopathological criteria (Gleason, core positivity, and maximum percent cancer) on preoperative biopsy and had worse radical specimen Gleason sums (p < 0.001), percent cancer (p < 0.001), and pathological stage (p = 0.016). 11.5% of the men in the small prostate group suffered a positive surgical margin (PSM) compared to 8.3 and 5.6% in the intermediate and large prostate groups, respectively (p = 0.008). Basilar, posterolateral, and multifocal PSMs were commoner in the small prostate group. Conclusions: Younger men have smaller prostates and worse preoperative histopathological parameters despite lower PSA values. Men with small prostates undergoing robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy have worse final Gleason sums, tumour volume, extraprostatic extension, and PSM rates than those with larger prostates. Copyright (c) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“The Egyptian Jatropha crop has been studied for antioxidant activity in ethanol extracts from roots, stem, leaves and nodes. The radical scavenging activity of ethanolic extracts was evaluated with the stable diphenylpicryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical.