Three types of ecologically friendly flame retardants (FRs) based on ammonium polyphosphate were used to improve the FR properties of the composites. The flame retardancy of the PP/WF composites was characterized with thermogravimetric analysis
(TGA), vertical burn testing (UL94-V), and limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurements. The TGA data showed that all three types of FRs could enhance the thermal stability of the PP/WF/FR systems at high temperatures and effectively increase the char residue formation. The FRs could effectively Panobinostat cost reduce the flammability of the PP/WF/FR composites by achieving V-0 UL94-V classification. The increased LOT also showed that the flammability of the PP/WF/FR composites was reduced with the addition of FRs. The mechanical property study revealed that, with the incorporation of FRs, the tensile strength and flexural strength were decreased, but the tensile
and flexural moduli were increased in all cases. The presence of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) resulted in an improvement of the filler matrix bonding between the WF/intumescent FR and PP, and this consequently enhanced the overall mechanical properties of the composites. Morphological studies carried out with scanning electron microscopy revealed clear evidence that the adhesion Ilomastat cost at the interfacial region was enhanced with the addition of MAPP to the PP/WF/FR composites.
(C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 116: 2714-2722, 2010″
“Objective: We tested the hypothesis that secondary generalized seizures (SGS) are not truly generalized and may involve selective regions.
Methods: The spread from focal to generalized seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) was studied in 20 SGS recorded via stereo-EEG (SEEG) in 15 candidates for surgery. Electrodes were assigned to fronto-orbital, prefrontal, and temporal cortex, cingulate, hippocampus, and amygdala. The onset of SGS was ascertained by behavioral analysis of the video recordings. EEG recordings were evaluated using the rating scale developed by Blumenfeld [Blumenfeld H, Rivera M, Ferrostatin-1 McNally KA, Davis K, Spencer DD, Spencer SS. Ictal neocortical slowing in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology 2004:63:1015-21]. The seizure rating in each region was compared with the rating in the hippocampus.
Results: Ranking significantly differed in the cingulate and fronto-orbital cortex; there was a trend toward significance in the prefrontal cortex. In these regions, slow activity dominated.
Conclusion: The onset of secondary generalization, when the head, face and all limbs are involved, does not implicate global cortical involvement. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Background: 3D histology-guided surgery provides high cure rates and tissue-sparing for the treatment of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs).